July 23, 2014
ENSO forecast: The evolving El Niño is expected to remain weak and mature in the late boreal summer and most probably will continue through the winter. It will evolve into a weak El Niño Modoki in the early next year.
Indian Ocean forecast: A weak negative IOD is predicted for the tropical Indian Ocean from summer to fall in 2014. However, its uncertainty remains high because of the large spreads in the prediction plumes.
Regional forecast: Most parts of Europe, Africa, Middle East, Russia, India, Southeastern Asia, and South American Continent will experience a warmer-than-normal condition in August and September owing to the development of El Niño. On the other hand, the Far East including Japan will be in a colder-than-normal condition in September.
In the boreal fall, most parts of Europe, Africa, Middle East, Russia, India, Southeast Asia, and South American Continent will be in a warmer-than-normal condition, whereas western China, central-eastern U.S., and southeastern Canada will be in a colder-than-normal condition.
The Maritime Continent (except for Sumatra) in Asia, India, Northeastern Australia, Caribbean countries, and East Africa will be in a drier-than-normal condition in the boreal fall. On the other hand, a wetter-than-normal condition is predicted for U.S., Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador. In particular, the wetter-than-normal condition in California will be associated with the warmer-than-normal SST of the newly identified phenomenon “California Niño”. In the austral spring, the southern African region will be in a drier-than-normal condition.