-
توجه: در صورتی که از کاربران قدیمی ایران انجمن هستید و امکان ورود به سایت را ندارید، میتوانید با آیدی altin_admin@ در تلگرام تماس حاصل نمایید.
مباحث عمومی هواشناسی
- شروع کننده موضوع Amir Mohsen
- تاریخ شروع
- وضعیت
ایستگاههای در تعهد بین المللی GTS
(The Global Telecommunication System (GTS)
FIGURE 1 - Structure of the Global Telecommunication System
WMO's Global Telecommunication System (GTS) is the communications and data management component that allows the World Weather Watch (WWW) to operate through the collection and distribution of information critical to its processes. It is implemented and operated by National Meteorological Services of WMO Members and International Organizations, such as ECMWF and EUMETSAT. As decided by Congress and the Executive Council the GTS also provides telecommunication support to other WMO programmes, facilitating the flow of data and processed products to meet requirements in a timely, reliable and cost-effective way, ensuring that all Members have access to all meteorological and related data, forecasts and alerts. This secured communication network enables real-time exchange of information, critical for forecasting and warnings of hydrometeorological hazards in accordance with approved procedures.
The GTS has a hierarchical structure on three levels:
The Main Telecommunication Network (MTN), linking together three World Meteorological Centres (WMCs) (Melbourne, Moscow and Washington) and 15 Regional Telecommunication Hubs (RTHs) (Algiers, Beijing, Bracknell, Brasilia, Buenos Aires, Cairo, Dakar, Jeddah, Nairobi, New Delhi, Offenbach, Toulouse, Prague, Sofia and Tokyo) see Figure 1. This core network has the function of providing an efficient, rapid and reliable communication service between the Meteorological Telecommunication Centres (MTCs).
The Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Networks (RMTNs) is an integrated network of circuits covering the six WMO regions - Africa, Asia, South America, North America, Central America & the Caribbean, South-West Pacific, Europe and Antarctic - and interconnecting the MTCs thus ensuring the collection of observational data and regional selective distribution of meteorological and other related information to Members. Until the integrated network is completed, HF-radio-broadcasts may be used in order to meet the requirements of the WWW for the dissemination of meteorological information.
The National Meteorological Telecommunication Networks (NMTNs) enable the National Meteorological Centres (NMCs) to collect observational data and receive and distribute meteorological information on a national level.
Satellite-based data collection and/or data distribution systems are also integrated in theGTS as an essential element of the global, regional and national levels of the GTS. Data collection systems operated via geostationary or near-polar orbiting meteorological/environmental satellites, including ARGOS, are widely used for the collection of observational data from Data Collection Platforms. Marine data are also collected through the International Maritime Mobile Service and through INMARSAT. International data distribution systems operated either via meteorological satellites such as the Meteorological Data Distribution (MDD) of METEOSAT, or via telecommunication satellites, such as RETIM or FAX-E via EUTELSAT are efficiently complementing the point-to-point GTS circuits. Several Countries, including Argentina, Canada, China, France, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Thailand and the USA, have implemented satellite-based multi-point telecommunication systems for their national Meteorological Telecommunication Network.
The MTCs function is to accommodate the volume of meteorological information and its transmission within the required time limits for global and interregional exchange of observational data, processed information and any other data required by its Members. Regional Telecommunication Hubs (RTHs) on the MTN perform an interface function between the RMTNs and the MTN.
The GTS is an integrated network of surface-based and satellite-based telecommunication links of point-to-point circuits, and multi-point circuits, interconnecting meteorological telecommunication centres operated by countries for round-the-clock reliable and near-real-time collection and distribution of all meteorological and related data, forecasts and alerts. This secured communication network enables real-time exchange of information, critical for forecasting and warning of hydrometeorological hazards.
WMO GTS is the backbone system for global exchange of data and information in support of multi-hazard, multipurpose early warning systems, including all meteorological and related data; weather, water and climate analyses and forecasts; tsunami related information and warnings, and seismic parametric data. WMO is building on its GTS to achieve an overarchingWMO Information System (WIS), enabling systematic access, retrieval, and dissemination and exchange of data and information of all WMO and related international Programmes.
The Global Telecommunication System (GTS) is defined as: "The co-ordinated global system of telecommunication facilities and arrangements for the rapid collection, exchange and distribution of observations and processed information within the framework of the World Weather Watch." - WMO No 49 Technical Regulations
FIGURE 1 - Structure of the Global Telecommunication System
WMO's Global Telecommunication System (GTS) is the communications and data management component that allows the World Weather Watch (WWW) to operate through the collection and distribution of information critical to its processes. It is implemented and operated by National Meteorological Services of WMO Members and International Organizations, such as ECMWF and EUMETSAT. As decided by Congress and the Executive Council the GTS also provides telecommunication support to other WMO programmes, facilitating the flow of data and processed products to meet requirements in a timely, reliable and cost-effective way, ensuring that all Members have access to all meteorological and related data, forecasts and alerts. This secured communication network enables real-time exchange of information, critical for forecasting and warnings of hydrometeorological hazards in accordance with approved procedures.
The GTS has a hierarchical structure on three levels:
The Main Telecommunication Network (MTN), linking together three World Meteorological Centres (WMCs) (Melbourne, Moscow and Washington) and 15 Regional Telecommunication Hubs (RTHs) (Algiers, Beijing, Bracknell, Brasilia, Buenos Aires, Cairo, Dakar, Jeddah, Nairobi, New Delhi, Offenbach, Toulouse, Prague, Sofia and Tokyo) see Figure 1. This core network has the function of providing an efficient, rapid and reliable communication service between the Meteorological Telecommunication Centres (MTCs).
The Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Networks (RMTNs) is an integrated network of circuits covering the six WMO regions - Africa, Asia, South America, North America, Central America & the Caribbean, South-West Pacific, Europe and Antarctic - and interconnecting the MTCs thus ensuring the collection of observational data and regional selective distribution of meteorological and other related information to Members. Until the integrated network is completed, HF-radio-broadcasts may be used in order to meet the requirements of the WWW for the dissemination of meteorological information.
The National Meteorological Telecommunication Networks (NMTNs) enable the National Meteorological Centres (NMCs) to collect observational data and receive and distribute meteorological information on a national level.
Satellite-based data collection and/or data distribution systems are also integrated in theGTS as an essential element of the global, regional and national levels of the GTS. Data collection systems operated via geostationary or near-polar orbiting meteorological/environmental satellites, including ARGOS, are widely used for the collection of observational data from Data Collection Platforms. Marine data are also collected through the International Maritime Mobile Service and through INMARSAT. International data distribution systems operated either via meteorological satellites such as the Meteorological Data Distribution (MDD) of METEOSAT, or via telecommunication satellites, such as RETIM or FAX-E via EUTELSAT are efficiently complementing the point-to-point GTS circuits. Several Countries, including Argentina, Canada, China, France, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Thailand and the USA, have implemented satellite-based multi-point telecommunication systems for their national Meteorological Telecommunication Network.
The MTCs function is to accommodate the volume of meteorological information and its transmission within the required time limits for global and interregional exchange of observational data, processed information and any other data required by its Members. Regional Telecommunication Hubs (RTHs) on the MTN perform an interface function between the RMTNs and the MTN.
The GTS is an integrated network of surface-based and satellite-based telecommunication links of point-to-point circuits, and multi-point circuits, interconnecting meteorological telecommunication centres operated by countries for round-the-clock reliable and near-real-time collection and distribution of all meteorological and related data, forecasts and alerts. This secured communication network enables real-time exchange of information, critical for forecasting and warning of hydrometeorological hazards.
WMO GTS is the backbone system for global exchange of data and information in support of multi-hazard, multipurpose early warning systems, including all meteorological and related data; weather, water and climate analyses and forecasts; tsunami related information and warnings, and seismic parametric data. WMO is building on its GTS to achieve an overarchingWMO Information System (WIS), enabling systematic access, retrieval, and dissemination and exchange of data and information of all WMO and related international Programmes.
ali.doosti
کاربر ويژه
بايد استشهاد محلي تهيه شه!
اهالي جمع شن نامه بنويسن امضا کنن...:سوت:
ali.doosti
کاربر ويژه
![DSC_0063[1].jpg](http://iranjoman.com/data/attachments/16/16535-b9c21ea12cfc5ab63d8d0c354d928f1d.jpg "DSC_0063[1].jpg")
ali.doosti
کاربر ويژه
نمي دونم پيش بينتيس خاک از پيش بيني آلودگي سخت تره که شب قبلش نمي گم که تعطيل کنن...
هواشناسي به درد اين چيزا نخوره واس چي خوبه؟فقط بلدن بيان بگن موج قوي از در آمد پناه بگيريد که سيل همه جا رو مي بره بعد يه قطره نياد!
هواشناسي به درد اين چيزا نخوره واس چي خوبه؟فقط بلدن بيان بگن موج قوي از در آمد پناه بگيريد که سيل همه جا رو مي بره بعد يه قطره نياد!
ali.doosti
کاربر ويژه
آها نااميدان را فرمودي شما...
فکر کردم ميگي اونا که احتمال برفشون صفره...:خجالت2:
ali.doosti
کاربر ويژه
مگه آسمون آبيش خوبه؟
آسمون عکس بالارو ببين حال کن بابا اين کارا چيه!آسمون آبي مال سوسولاس:خنده1:
ali.doosti
کاربر ويژه
آقا اين واندر گراند ميگه دزفول الآن بارونه!فکر کنم لج کرده با بقيه
من خبر ندارم خدا عالم است...
با اجازه برم که نمونم ترکيد تو آزمايشگاه:گل:
من خبر ندارم خدا عالم است...
با اجازه برم که نمونم ترکيد تو آزمايشگاه:گل:
خب ایران معمولا تابستوناش خبری نیست بیان اینجا چه کنن اسپم بدن؟بخاطر همینه که بیشتر دوستان اینجا با رسیدن پاییز بر میگردن! عمدتن عشایر هستند
بیان از گرمای هوا بگن و سر اینکه کجا گرمتره دعوا کنن!
ههههه :خنده1:
گل گفتی:گل:
واقعا خندم میگیره که میشینن شهراشونو با هم مقایسه میکنن !
صمیمیت و نشاطه فروم رو با قیاسهایی که اصلا دلیلی نداره و منطقی ام نیست از بین میبرن
Amir Masoud
کاربر ويژه
درود بر عاشقان...
هم اکنون...
اردبیل : 0
رطوبت 100%
دید افقی اینجا : 2 متر:گل:
هم اکنون...
اردبیل : 0
رطوبت 100%
دید افقی اینجا : 2 متر:گل:
aria_tehran
کاربر ويژه
درود
از این موج هم باز تهران رعدوبرق داشت
امسال زمستون فکر کنم رکورد رعدوبرق در فصل زمستون شکسته شد
از این موج هم باز تهران رعدوبرق داشت
امسال زمستون فکر کنم رکورد رعدوبرق در فصل زمستون شکسته شد
aria_tehran
کاربر ويژه
یزد
aria_tehran
کاربر ويژه
باز هم واگرایی در شمال غرب
- وضعیت